Proposals from the ERNCIP Thematic Group, “Case Studies for the Cyber-security of Industrial Automation and Control Systems”, for a European IACS Components Cyber-security Compliance and Certification Scheme. Thematic Area Industrial Control Systems and Smart Grids

All studies recently published agree. Industrial Automation and Control Systems (IACS) increasingly constitutes a target for cyber-attacks aiming at disturbing Member States’ economies, at disabling our critical infrastructures or at taking advantage from our people. Such hostile acts take place in a context of geostrategic tensions, for the satisfaction of organised crime’s purposes, or else in support of possible activist causes. In this context, the ERNCIP Thematic Group (TG) “Case studies for the cybersecurity of Industrial Automation & Control Systems” was started in January 2014 to answer the question: “Do European critical infrastructure operators need to get IACS’ components or subsystems tested and “certified” (T&C) with regards to their cybersecurity?” And should the answer have been yes, it had to answer a corollary question: “What are (roughly) the conditions of feasibility for implementing successfully a European IACS components cybersecurity Compliance & Certification Scheme?” This TG’s undertaking was a research project, not a task force seeking to deliver an immediately applicable standard. It mobilised representatives of IACS vendors, industrial operators, European Istitutions and national cybersecurity authorities.JRC.G.5-Security technology assessmen

Lieutenant A et les rottweilers. Analyse PhénoCognitive de l'expérience du trauma dans l'action par un sapeur-pompier.

Fire-fighters are subject to attacks in the field. This idiographic Pheno-Cognitive Analysis (PCA) studies a fireman’s cognitive experience of a Critical Incident (CI) when he is attacked by dangerous dogs during an intervention. The PCA method, created for this research, extends the Elicitation Interview (EI), yields a first-person narrative of the subject’s experience out of his episodic memory, and semantically elicits 460 Cognitive Operations and four patterns of Cognitive Trajectories. Their variations in shape (Intra-Variability) and occurrence (Inter-Variability) are analysed. A model of Decision-Making-in-Action (DMA), and five Metacognitive Skills providing Peritraumatic Resilience (PTR) are revealed. Epistemological limits are discussed.Cette thèse étudie et modélise l'expérience cognitive du trauma dans l'action du Lieutenant A, un sapeur-pompier de la Brigade de Sapeurs-pompiers de Paris. La méthode utilisée pour cette recherche idiographique est l'Analyse PhénoCognitive dont le point de départ est l'entretien d'explicitation (Vermersch, 2006). L'analyse sémantique du récit permet d'identifier 460 opérations cognitives. Leur analyse met en évidence 4 formes de trajectoires cognitives ainsi que leurs variations. L'analyse factorielle exploratoire permet d'identifier les règles d'inférence de succession des opérations cognitives et de présenter un modèle macrocognitif de la décision dans l'action du sujet. Les sources de la résilience péritraumatique sont identifiées. Les données et limites épistémologiques de la recherche sont discutées

Seven Findings on Critical Infrastructures Resilience

International audienceThis conference presents seven findings about critical infrastructure resilience gained from empirical research.Cette conférence présente sept résultats de recherches empiriques concernant la résilience des infrastructures vitales

Metallic oxide defect luminescent emission for application in solar cells and WLEDs

International audienceThe diversity of applications in optoelectronics, solar cells, light emitting diodes (LEDs), sensors and catalysis, as well as medical diagnostics profits from unique and attractive properties of and metal oxide nanostructures. In the present communication we report the fabrication methods and the properties of the metallic oxide nanostructures for solar cell and white light emitting diode applications (WLEDs). Zinc oxide and gallium oxide are wide bandgap semiconductors (3,37 eV and 4,8 eV for ZnO and beta-Ga2O3, respectively) and their nanostructures are of increasing interest because they have a variety of intrinsic defects that produce light emission in the visible range without the introduction of additional critical elements (doping). As technological costs and environmental concerns such as the use of critical metals or the issue of recycling become decision parameters, industrial fabrication methods should be cheap and harmless to humans, aquatic and terrestrial organisms, and the environment. To develop the studied nanostructures, hydrolysis method was used to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles and the Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) for the fabrication of alpha-Ga2O3 and beta-Ga2O3. The obtained materials were characterized using various techniques. The XRD data and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)confirm the presence of nanoparticles and alpha and beta-Ga2O3 phases. Raman spectroscopy confirms the presence of some disorder for both ZnO and Ga2O3, characteristic of the presence of the defects. We discuss the effects of the nanoparticle size, the morphology and the surface stabilization on the enhancement of the PL QY in case of the ZnO NPs and of the PVD conditions for alpha- and beta-Ga2O3 thin layers. The photoluminescent emission of the studied materials is also examined, in order to achieve a perfect control of the defect emission to increase its efficiency. This opens up the prospect of synthesizing phosphors without rare earth for white LEDs, solar cells and whose spectrum can be tuned to render warm or cold white light, by a fabrication process easy to implement industrially and with a low environmental impact

Photodetectors based on intersubband transitions using III-nitride superlattice structures

We review our recent progress on the fabrication of near-infrared photodetectors based on intersubband transitions in AlN/GaN superlattice structures. Such devices were first demonstrated in 2003, and have since then seen a quite substantial development both in terms of detector responsivity and high speed operation. Nowadays, the most impressive results include characterization up to 3 GHz using a directly modulated semiconductor laser and up to 13.3 GHz using an ultra-short pulse solid state laser

Template Synthesis of NPN′ Pincer-type Ligands at Titanium Using an Ambiphilic Phosphide Scaffold

International audienc

Reference Architecture of an Autonomous Agent for Cyber Defense of Complex Military Systems

International audienceMilitary strategies will shortly make intensive use of autonomous systems while the Internet of Battle Things (IoBT) will grow military systems’ complexity to new heights. The cyber defense of the battlespace will then become arduous for humans, if not impossible, due to disconnections, the difficulty of supervising masses of interconnected devices, and the scarcity of cyber defense competences on the battleground. An autonomous intelligent cyber defense of the battlefield becomes necessary in such a context. In response to such needs, this chapter presents and illustrates the rationale, concept and future research directions of (Multiple) Autonomous Intelligent Cyber defense Agents, (M)AICA, and NATO’s initial AICA Reference Architecture, AICARA